Didja Notice?

 

The novel opens in Casablanca, Morocco, with Indy fleeing in a truck from the mounted warriors of a desert tribe (later revealed as Bedouin) from whom he has stolen the Face of the Goddess Mohk, a gold death mask with eyes made of rubies. It is noted that he feels no guilt about the theft, as the tribe ancestors had plundered it from a temple of the burning city of Timbuktu generations ago. The relic appears to be fictitious, as does the goddess associated with it. Timbuktu is an ancient city in Mali. The Bedouin are an Arab ethnic group, formerly mostly desert nomadic tribes, now mostly settled. At the time of this story there would still have been numerous Bedouin tribes roaming the Sahara desert.

 

On page 7, Indy's truck zooms past some workers carrying a barrel of liquor into a bar called Rick’s Café Americain. This is the bar that appears in the 1942 film Casablanca, owned by Rick Blaine, portrayed by Humphrey Bogart.

 

On page 9, one of the pursuing desert warriors jumps from his horse onto the side of Indy's truck and begins moving towards the cab, pulling himself from beam to beam along the outside of the truck. Indy thinks the guy had obviously seen one too many pirate movies with Errol Flynn. Of course, Indy pulled this same stunt on a Nazi truck in Raiders of the Lost Ark. Errol Flynn was a popular film actor from 1933-1958, known for his swashbuckling, sword-wielding roles.

 

Also on page 9, a fat Arab woman carrying laundry leaps back from the path of Indy's barreling truck in "a long jump worthy of the Olympics." The modern Olympic Games (inspired by the ancient Greek Olympics c. 776 BC - 393 AD) began in 1896, featuring amateur athletes engaged in numerous sports competitions in representation of their home countries.

 

Page 12 states that Indy's fedora is of leather, but most sources state it to be a felt fedora, as most fedoras are.

 

Page 15 states that Casablanca was seen as a neutral and relatively safe haven during the war that was raging with intensity in other parts of North Africa and throughout the Mediterranean. In the real world, this is largely a myth embraced in the modern day, spread by the popularity of the movie Casablanca. France had fallen to German occupation in 1940, so the French territory of Morocco was controlled by Vichy France, the collaborative role of the nominal government of Vichy, France with the German occupiers in WWII, though the city of Casablanca itself tried to maintain some degree of autonomy.

 

Also on page 15, some Arab street musicians are performing versions of "In the Mood" or "Lili Marleen" to earn a few coins. "In the Mood" is a big band song from 1939, popularized by American band leader Glenn Miller. "Lili Marleen" is a 1939 German love song based on a 1915 poem by Hans Leip.

 

    On page 20, a boy who is a member of the street musician troupe, asks Indy if they can play a song for him, such as the American national anthem. Indy gives the kid a dime and asks instead for the French anthem, "Marseillaise", in order to distract the French customs officials who are barring his entry to the passenger liner at the harbor. "Le Marseillaise" was written in 1792 by Claude Joseph Rouget de Lisle after the declaration of war by France against Austria. It was adopted as the French national anthem in 1795. The American national anthem is "The Star-Spangled Banner", from the 1814 poem "The Defence of Fort M'Henry" by Francis Scott Key and adopted as the national anthem in 1931.

    The street band halts its performance of "I’m Dreaming of A White Christmas" to play the anthem. While often referred to as such, this song's actual title is just "White Christmas". But it was not released until July 1942, so they couldn't be playing it at the time of this story.

 

Indy reunites with Dr. Grisswald aboard the passenger liner. Grisswald was introduced in passing in The Legacy of Avalon as the Dean of Barnett College. Yet, here, he is described as an associate of the dean of the college, rumored to be the leading candidate for the next dean.

 

On page 26, Indy is said to be carrying a Colt pistol on his Moroccan adventure. He loses it in the harbor waters in an entanglement with a Bedouin while hanging from the railing of the passenger liner in his attempt to board. Later on, he somehow acquires another Colt, a 1911 A1.

 

On page 27, Indy thinks of Washington and how people in power often take out their failings on underlings who had nothing to do with it. He is thinking, of course, of Washington, D.C.

 

On page 31, Indy receives a telegram from the University of Washington.

 

Indy dives off the ship to swim back to shore to book passage to Istanbul at the telegram request of his friend Professor Basil Smith, who reminded him of the promise he made in Yucatan. Yucatan is a state on the Yucatan peninsula of Mexico.

 

On page 31, the Bosphorus Strait connects the Black Sea to the Sea of Marmara through the Turkish city of Istanbul.

 

The country of Turkey was neutral through most of WWII, as implied here.

 

Page 38 states that Indy had once been to Istanbul years ago, long before the outbreak of the war. But in the PopApostle chronology, he has been to the city several times in The Secret City, "Mask of Evil", The Emperor's Tomb, and The Staff of Kings.

 

Seeing Indy for the first time in years on page 40, Yassir Al-Kassah exclaims, "By all the jinn
and spirits of the desert!" A jinn (or djinn) is a supernatural being of Arab folklore, also known as a genie.

 

Yassir Al-Kassah's fuller greeting to Indy is a bit reminiscent of the one Han Solo (also portrayed by Harrison Ford) received from Lando Calrissian on Cloud City in Star Wars: The Empire Strikes Back.

 

Lando Calrissian: "You slimy, double-crossing no good swindler! You've got a lot of nerve coming here after what you pulled!" Yassir Al-Kassah: "You ill-bred son of a mangy hyena! You worthless descendant of a shabby sand flea! Let the vultures pick the flesh from your bones and leave the rest to the worms! That you actually have the audacity to show your face again! I should have you skinned alive. But that would be an insufficient punishment, after what you pulled!"

 

On page 42, Yassir refers to "peace-loving citizens" as if he were one of them, prompting Indy to think, If Al-Kassah was referring to himself, Attila was a pioneer of Social Democracy. Indy is presumably thinking of Attila the Hun, a notorious and brutal 5th Century warlord.

 

On page 48, Al-Kassah tells Indy that Smith had supposedly found some evidence in Bursa of unbelievable treasures in Egypt, if only he could get funding for an expedition. Bursa is the fourth most populous city in Turkey.

 

On pages 54-55, Indy visits a number of world class hotels in Istanbul, searching for Smith: Marriott, Regency, Astoria, Sheraton, Admiral, Excelsior, Abu Simbel, and Hilton. These are all real world hotel chains, but Marriott and Regency did not exist at the time, and others did not have locations in Istanbul in 1941.

 

On page 55, the Ku Klux Klan is an American far-right extremist organization that promotes ideas of white supremacy and anti-immigration, among other concepts of intolerance.

 

On page 57, Indy wonders if the perfume of the elderly female guest at the Regency violated any number of chemical weapons bans. Various types of chemical weapons have been banned under various treaties since 1925, in response to their use in WWI.

 

Raymond tells Indy he's studying archeology at Trinity College in Oxford.

 

On pages 71-72, German Field Marshal Rommel, the Desert Fox, was a real world figure who led forces in northern Africa from 1941-43.

 

On page 73, Crete is one of the Greek islands of the Mediterranean. It was the center of the Minoan civilization from 2700-1402 BC.

 

Liz mentions that she thinks her father was particularly interested in the writings of Herodotus. Herodotus was a real historical figure in ancient times (BC) who wrote the 9-volume The Histories. Raymond goes to say that Herodotus traveled the known world (mostly true) and that he met the historical figures Croesus, Cyros, Darius, and Xerxes (not true, as Croesus and Cyros died decades before he was born, and he would have been extremely young to have met Darius and Xerxes, though he did write about all these figures based on oral traditions, documentation, and observations from his travels).

 

At the hotel restaurant, Raymond orders a plate of spinach, saying, "The perfect food for all real
men. Spinach is strength!" and Indy thinks he's seen too many cartoons. He is thinking of the Popeye the Sailor cartoons produced by Fleischer Studios from 1933-1942. The character of Popeye was known for eating spinach to boost his strength.

 

On page 81, Anatolia is the West Asian peninsula bounded by the Mediterranean Sea, the Aegean Sea, the Turkish Straits, and the Black Sea, making up the largest part of the land of Turkey.

 

On page 83, Dumont tells Indy and Raymond that the collection at his library included copies, not originals, of documents written by Livy, Plato, Strabo, and Diodorus, plus Herodotus. These were all historians in ancient times.

 

On page 85, Assyria was a major Mesopotamian civilization from the 14th to 7th centuries BC.

 

    Finding Herodotus' travel book on Egypt, Indy reads of a labyrinth in the desert on the edge of Moiris Lake, near a city named for the crocodile. Herodotus did actually describe Moiris Lake as having a vast labyrinth nearby of around 3,000 rooms. Moiris Lake is a large freshwater lake about 25 miles west of the Nile River in Egypt. The Greek settlement of Crocodilopolis along the Nile that Indy is reminded of was an actual ancient settlement near what is now the city of Faiyum.

    In later discussion with the kids, Indy says that no one knows where the ancient Moiris Lake was located. What is widely considered to be the much smaller remnants of the lake are known today as the hypersaline Lake Qarun.

 

On page 103, Raymond remarks that whoever rediscovers the labyrinth will be a second Schliemann. Heinrich Schliemann (1822-1890) was a German amateur archeologist who excavated the ground of what is now believed to be the site of the ancient city of Troy.

 

Indy guesses that the desert referred to as the location of the labyrinth is the Sahara. The Sahara is a desert in northern Africa, the largest hot desert in the world (only the frozen deserts of Antarctica and the Arctic being larger).

 

On page 104, Indy reflects on having gazed upon the surface of the Ark of the Covenant and held the Holy Grail. These reflections, of course, refer to Raiders of the Lost Ark and The Last Crusade.

 

    The text on page 104 also comments, "In recent years, he [Indy] had more than once come into contact with ancient artifacts, which often served forces far beyond human comprehension. And if the legends and lore were to be believed, they were all ultimately the legacies of ancient gods, in one way or another. But if so, they were mostly disastrous legacies, two-faced objects that  promised both power and terror, like Pandora’s Box. But mankind was not ready for such mysteries, and perhaps never would be. Often, it was all Indy could do just to prevent such objects from falling into the wrong hands."

    "Pandora's Box" refers to the Greek myth of Pandora, the first woman on Earth, given a box (or jar) by the Olympian gods and told never to open it. Her curiosity got the better of her and she opened it anyway, releasing all the evils of the world (similar to the Bible's story of Eve and the forbidden fruit). The term "Pandora's Box" has come to stand for any seemingly small action performed by a person that results in widespread negative consequences.

 

On page 105, Liz refuses to believe there is a god buried in the labyrinth as stated in the copy of Herodotus' writings, adamantly stating, "If anyone’s buried there at all, it’s just a regular man.  Men throughout the ages have convinced others to worship them as gods. I think there might even be one in Germany right now." The man in Germany she refers to is presumably Adolf Hitler,  the evil Chancellor of Germany from 1933-1945.

 

Page 106 refers to Indy's teaching job being in Washington (D.C.), but he never taught there as far as is known in his timeline. At this time, he was teaching at the fictitious Barnett College in Fairfield, New York. Indy refers to his "university in Washington" on page 137 and, obliquely, on page 247, as well. And so does Sergeant Finnley on page 204.

 

On page 106, in Herodotus' writings, he wonders if there is more in the labyrinth's underground chambers than in those of the Palace of Knossos. Knossos is a Bronze Age archeological site from the Minoan civilization on the island of Crete. It is known in Greek mythology as the site of an underground labyrinth hosting the minotaur. Indy previously visited Knossos in 1936 in "The Grecian Earn" and in 1939 in "The Fate of Atlantis" Part 3.

 

Herodotus' writings say that the pyramid at one corner of the labyrinth is 40 fathoms high. Raymond then remarks "a seventy- to one-hundred-and-twenty-meter-high pyramid,
depending on how you measure a fathom." The unit of measurement known as a "fathom" has never been officially standardized internationally. Historically, it was simply the length from fingertip-to-fingertip of a man's outstretched arms. Since men come is different sizes, this was an imprecise measurement. From the 12th Century onward, the British imperial fathom has been established as 6 feet.

 

On page 107, Raymond asks if Herodotus could be referring to Lake Chad when he described the immense Lake Moiris. Indy thinks it unlikely, since Herodotus would have been referring to an Egyptian lake. Lake Chad is a freshwater lake at the four corners junction of the north-central African nations of Chad, Cameroon, Niger, and Nigeria.

 

The floor mosaic at Knossos that Indy describes on page 108 that maps the infamous Knossos labyrinth is fictitious as far as the normal sense of the terms "map" and "labyrinth". It's mostly a romantic idea inspired by the later mythology of the Knossos labyrinth and its minotaur.

 

Indy's estimate of about 500 miles between Istanbul and Crete on page 110 is a fair one. As the crow flies, it would be about 445 miles over land and ocean.

 

The invasion of Yugoslavia by Germany and speculation about an invasion of Crete on page 110 is true to what actually happened at this time. In fact, the Battle of Crete began on May 20, 1941, the day Indy and friends arrive at Crete here in the novel.

 

Oddly, this novel has two characters named Yusuf. The first is the house servant of Pierre Dumont in Bursa and is killed by the monks at the house before any of our main characters meet him. The second is the seventh cousin of the porter at the Regency Hotel in Istanbul.

 

Yusuf attempts to land his plane carrying Indy and friends at Maleme Airport on Crete. This is a real airfield.

 

On page 134, Dimitrios lends Indy and his charges a Jeep to escape the airport. This would have been an American Bantam Jeep, made in 1940.

 

Dimitrios tells Indy that the news on the radio is that German troops are in Rethymnon and Heraklion and that the archeologists pulled out of the Knossos dig site when the situation on Crete started to worsen, but he has heard that a few professors may still be in a nearby small village called Warwari. This appears to be a fictitious village.

 

The small, clay farmer's hut owned by the old woman who is hosting Professor Green is adorned with hand-carved Madonnas. "Madonna" refers to the Virgin Mary in Christian belief.

 

   Professor Green tells Indy he came to Knossos from Athens after the local British School took over the excavation. By "British School", Green is likely referring to the British School at Athens, a British International Research Institute of the British Academy, which has a branch at Knossos.

    Green goes on to say that in the early years, he had the honor of working with Sir Arthur Evans who discovered the palace at the turn of the century, but who had to return to England for his health in 1934. This is largely true, though it is an exaggeration to suggest that Evans returned to England for good in '34. He remained involved in Knossos both remotely and on site well into the 1930s, though his age reduced his physical involvement at the dig sites.

 

Green has been listening to the radio news and learned that a British brigade in Alexandria wiped out a convoy carrying supplies for the airborne troops. Alexandria is a major port city of Egypt on the Mediterranean about 200 miles southeast of Crete. While officially neutral, Egypt was essentially in the pocket of Britain during the war.

 

Green remarks that if he were twenty years younger he would go with Indy and his charges in their search for the missing Basil Smith and the Horus labyrinth. At this, Indy inwardly wonders if one day he would feel like the time had come when he was too old and frail for the adventures that were up to now an indispensable part of his life. Of course, we know that while he does slow down a bit in his later years, Indy continues to get caught up in adventures into his 60s and at least one adventure (The Dial of Destiny) when he was 70.

 

The description of the controversial nature of Arthur Evans' work in Knossos on pages 144-145 is accurate.

 

On page 145, Green explains that the locals around the Knossos palace lost interest since there's no work to be done anymore with the archeologists gone and they now find it uninteresting. Liz remarks that she can sympathize. To this, Raymond grouses, "Philistines!" "Philistine" is a term used to insinuate a person is deficient in the liberal arts culture.

 

On page 152, Raymond is said to ridiculously imitate Edward G. Robinson by pulling out his gun. Edward G. Robinson (1893-1973) was a popular American screen actor in the 1930-40s, known for playing gangsters.

 

On page 157, Indy reflects on Nietzsche's words, "What doesn’t kill us, makes us stronger." Friedrich Nietzsche (1844-1900) was a German philosopher. In his 1888 work Twilight of the Idols and later in Ecce Homo: How One Becomes What One Is he wrote, "Out of life's school of war—what doesn't kill me, makes me stronger."

 

After the explosion at the palace site, Indy is unconscious for a few days and awakens in bed in Mira's hut with a doctor looking after him, feeling extreme pain whenever he tries to get up. Indy painfully reflects on that he had done to himself over the last few minutes a Thai torturer could not have done better, the pain taking forever to decline enough to allow rational thought. The nation of Thailand underwent a revolution in 1932 that deposed the absolute monarchy, but led to the rise of authoritarian military leadership and the use of harsh interrogation techniques and even outright torture at times of criminals and political dissidents in the 1930s and 40s.

 

On pages 164-165, Indy rewrites a passage of the Book of Revelation in his mind: "And I looked,
and beheld! A fourth horse, and its rider bore the name of Raymond, and the power was given unto him to annoy people and to banish peace from the earth..." The Book of Revelation in the Christian Bible foretells the coming of an apocalypse, which it describes as the complete and final destruction of the world. The original quote from Revelation is: "And I looked, and behold a pale horse: and his name that sat on him was Death, and Hell followed with him. And power was given unto them over the fourth part of the earth, to kill with sword, and with hunger, and with death, and with the beasts of the earth."

 

On page 167, "Mussolini" was the fascist ruler of Italy from 1922-1943.

 

Page 170 mentions that all three airports on Crete were now firmly in German hands. Crete did, in fact, have three airports in 1941, Maleme, Heraklion, and Rethymno.

 

On page 171, Indy spies a German aircraft on the Heraklion field, a DFS-230, a model he does not recognize. This was a transport glider used by the Germans during the war. Indy soon sees the aircraft being towed for launch by a Ju 52. This is a German transport aircraft manufactured by Junkers; it is one of the airplanes that was typically used to tow a DFS-230. This combination was used in reality quite effectively by the Germans in the Battle of Crete.

 

When Indy punches the glider pilot on page 179, he finds it is like hitting the Wailing Wall. The Wailing Wall is a retaining wall on the Temple Mount of Jerusalem built in 19 B.C., with successive layers added in the following centuries. The Wailing Wall is but one of many names applied to it, in this case for the Jewish practice of coming to the wall to mourn the destruction of the ancient Temple that was there.

 

As the battered glider dives towards the sea on page 192, Raymond finds only two parachutes for the three of them, plus the German pilot, and Indy determines "it simply had to be enough...he had made do with far less in similar situations before — one time, with a self-inflating raft." The use of a self-inflating raft in lieu of parachutes incident occurred in The Temple of Doom, when he saved his own as well as Short Round and Willie Scott's lives by baling out of Lao Che's transport plane on top of the raft with his two companions.

 

After being fished out of the Mediterranean by the British Navy, Indy and his charges are taken to Cairo, Egypt.

 

On page 210, Finnley reports on a British soldier who was found badly dehydrated and insane by a caravan near Luxor.

 

On pages 210-211, Raymond explains to Liz that Horus was an ancient Egyptian deity and that tradition has it that he may have been one of the first rulers of Egypt. Horus was the hawk-headed god of the sky and of protection; he was the son of the original gods, Osiris and Isis.

 

Finnley gets Indy and his charges rooms at the Cleopatra Hotel in Cairo. This appears to be a fictitious hotel for the time, though a hotel by that name has been there since 1962.

 

On page 216, Finnley informs Indy that he's just been told that the Cairo National Museum was broken into last night by Basil Smith. There is no Cairo National Museum, though it seems Finnley may be using a common name for the Museum of Egyptian Antiquities, from the description of it on page 217 as "a T-shaped building...just a few steps away from the eastern bank of the Nile — just across from the island of Gezira with its magnificent gardens."

 

After having accidentally bumped into her missing father near the Cleopatra Hotel, Liz tells Indy she is to meet her father at the foot of the Great Pyramid of Giza. The Great Pyramid, is the largest of the pyramids on the Giza Plateau, said to have served as the tomb of pharaoh Khufu (Cheops). Indy inwardly scoffs at the idea that the pyramid was built by Khufu, but the text doesn't explain why. While some few researchers have tried to claim the pyramid is far older than the time of Khufu and he just "inherited" it, mainstream scholars argue the evidence is weighted towards the time of Khufu.

 

Page 231 describes the nose of the Great Sphinx of Giza as having been blown off by the target practice of thoughtless and unscrupulous Mamluks in the 14th century, and not, as was often claimed, by cannon fire during the Napoleonic campaign in Africa. The Napoleon explanation is a popular tale that is demonstrably untrue since there are paintings and writings from well before his time that depict the nose already missing. Napoleon, of course, was the high general, First Consul, and Emperor of France from 1799-1814. The explanation for the damage presented here, that it was done by the Mamluks, is one of the theories, but there is no proof of exactly what happened and who might be at fault.

 

When Liz erroneously refers to the Sphinx as "she", Raymond tells her that only the Greek sphinxes were female, this one is male. In Ancient Greek mythology, a sphinx referred to a female of the creature, androsphinx a male.

 

On page 232, Finnley assures Liz that her father doesn't know him from Adam. This idiom is often used to emphasize that someone cannot be expected to trust or know you because you have no prior acquaintance. "Adam" refers to the Biblical Adam, the first man, who lived so long ago in history that no one would recognize him if he were seen today.

 

Harun al-Rashid, caliph of the Abbasid Caliphate from 786-809 CE, ordered an entrance cut into the Great Pyramid (around 820 CE), just as stated on page 234.

 

On page 235, St. Elmo's Fire is an electrical weather phenomenon that is known to create a glowing plasma field around a grounded object.

 

Believing he sees Basil at the top, Indy climbs the stones of the Great Pyramid, careful of his footing as there had been dozens of people who tried to climb to the top, only to fall to their deaths. Climbing the pyramid was relatively common by tourists in the 19th and early 20th centuries due to loose control of the site, and a number of falls and fatalities are known to have occurred.

 

Page 238 mentions that when separated from his beloved usual outfit, Indy turned into an average, almost shy man, exuding about as much flair as an adventurous teller at the Bank of England.

 

At Basil's funeral on page 239, a Coptic priest delivers a short eulogy. The Coptic Orthodox Church is the largest Christian church in Egypt and the Middle East.

 

Basil's research indicated he needed three specific statuettes of Horus to enter the final chamber of the labyrinth. The first one was the one located in the museum in Cairo, a second in a grave chamber in the Valley of the Kings, and the third in a museum in Khartoum. The Valley of the Kings is a real world archaeological site where the Pharaohs of the Egyptian New Kingdom (16-11th Centuries BC) were entombed. Khartoum is the capital city of Sudan.

 

On page 248, Indy remarks that he dreads to think what the Nazis would do with what they might find in the labyrinth, and goes on to say, "A couple of times I’ve been able to prevent such barbarism, but just barely." By "a couple times" he is probably referring to the events of Raiders of the Lost Ark (1936) and The Last Crusade (1938), though he has also encountered and obstructed them a number of other times since first encountering them in 1930 in "The Viking Scroll".

 

As stated on page 253, Ramses, Thutmose, Amenhotep, and Tut-ankh-Amun were all Egyptian pharaohs whose mummies were buried in the Valley of Kings.

 

On page 254, the statement that, in the Middle Ages, the grinding up of mummies into powder to render a miracle cure is true of the time.

 

The Necropolis of Thebes mentioned on page 254 is the larger ritual burial place of Ancient Egypt, encompassing the Valley of Kings, Valley of Queens, and more. Thebes is the ancient name for the modern city of Luxor.

 

On page 256, Liz peers into the necropolis tunnel "as if into the depths of the Ganges." The Ganges is a river in India and Bangladesh, considered the most sacred of the rivers in Hinduism. 

 

On page 257, Indy sees repeated hawk symbols in the hieroglyphics of the tablet in the recently-opened chamber as the mark of Horus. Horus' name in hieroglyphics was represented by:

 

On page 259, the ancient stone tablet discovered by Napoleon's soldiers (in 1799) is the stele known as the Rosetta Stone.

 

Indy interprets an Egyptian hieroglyph of a baboon-like creature holding two long, slender knives in it's outstretched arms as representative of "danger". But there is no known hieroglyph of that design. Danger was usually represented by snakes, crocodiles, or gods associated with disorder.

 

On page 263, near the monastery of the violence-prone monks, Indy announces he's going to approach the monastery himself, telling a concerned Liz, "Honestly, I don’t know what I’ll do next. I hardly ever do." This would seem to be a play on his classic "I'm making this up as a I go," line from Raiders of the Lost Ark.

 

On their expedition into the Sahara desert, Indy, Finnley, and the kids have taken two Land Rovers. Land Rover is a British maker of 4-wheel drive vehicles. However, Land Rover did not exist until 1948.

 

On page 275, Indy tries to swing on his whip from a rafter beam to catch a monk off guard, but slams into a pillar instead, leaving him with a throbbing head and the two bruises, on his forehead and the back of his head, which his unsuccessful Tarzan act had earned him. Tarzan, of course, is the world-famous character created by Edgar Rice Burroughs in 1912, a British boy who was lost in the African jungle and raised by apes, known for swinging from vines in the jungle.

 

Page 277 reveals it was 16 years ago (1925) that Basil had saved Indy's life in the Yucatan.

 

On page 287, the head monk tells Indy and his team, "Do you not know the ancient prophecies, which say that Horus will rise again at the end of time? He will soar up to become the ruler of the world, crush the nations under his feet, and lead the people to eternal damnation. And none will
oppose him! Thus it is written..." leading Finnley to offer that it would be the Apocalypse. The Book of Revelation in the Christian Bible foretells the coming of an apocalypse, which it describes as the complete and final destruction of the world.

 

On page 315, Basil makes his soldiers dance the Kazachok. This is a traditional Russian, Belarusian, and Ukrainian quick-paced folk dance that originated with the 16th century Cossacks famed for its squatting, fast-paced kicks (though the kicks are only a small part of the entire dance movements).

 

Basil parts an opening in a stone wall of the labyrinth with a mere gesture and exclaims, "Voilà!" This is French for "So!"

 

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